They identified WNT5A as a factor positively regulating expression of the hepatic ISGs. Moreover, they found that WNT5A increased HCV replication. This work links up-regulation of ISGs with stimulation of HCV replication. (Hepatology 2014;59:828–838.)

18F-fluoro-deoxy-glucose positron emission tomography/computerized tomography (PET/CT) is used routinely in oncologic workup. However, its accuracy in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is limited and this test has not been endorsed by guidelines. This lack of accuracy suggests that HCC relies less on glycolysis than other tumors. It is then possible that another metabolite might be an adequate tracer. In a pilot study, Bieze et al. tested 18F-methyl-choline ABT-263 concentration PET/CT as an alternative tracer in 29 patients. This test displayed a sensitivity of 88% and a specificity of 100%. 18F-methyl-choline PET/CT revealed lesions that affected management in 15 patients. This is an important observation, which should revive the interest for PET/CT within the HCC community. (Hepatology 2014;59:996–1006.) A serum-ascites albumin gradient greater than 11 g/L generally suggests cirrhosis-induced ascites, with the most frequent exception being heart failure. Then, a protein concentration higher than 25 mg/L in ascites favors heart failure over cirrhosis. In an impressive selleck compound clinical study, Farias et al. propose serum B-type natriuretic

peptide (BNP) as a better marker for ascites resulting from heart failure. They compared serum-ascites albumin gradient, protein concentration in ascites, serum BNP, and ascites BNP in a prospective group

of patients with new ascites resulting from heart failure, cirrhosis, and peritoneal Farnesyltransferase disease. Serum BNP was the most accurate measure for ascites related to heart failure: A value >364 pg/mL rules in heart failure and a value ≤182 rules out heart failure as the cause of ascites. This finding was confirmed in a validation cohort. Patients with a serum creatinine value above 2.5 mg/dL were excluded from this study, indicating that the value of serum BNP determination in patients with renal insufficiency remains to be investigated. In clinical practice, a diagnostic paracentesis likely remains indicated. (Hepatology 2014;59:1043–1051.) Alfa-fetoprotein (AFP) was already pronounced dead as a biomarker for HCC; obituaries have been written! Data from the HALT-C trial showed that AFP was not elevated in the months preceding the diagnosis of HCC in patients treated for chronic hepatitis C. Following a similar approach, Wong et al. report that AFP starts to increase 6 months before the diagnosis of HCC in a cohort of 1,531 entecavir-treated hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients, followed for more than 4 years, among whom 57 patients developed HCC. Of note, surveillance sonography was done less frequently than the recommended 6-month interval.

e., total daily dose 240 mg), failed to achieve an intragastric milieu consistent

with dual PPI plus amoxicillin therapy being an effective anti-H. pylori regimen. “
“Levofloxacin has been proposed to replace clarithromycin for Helicobacter pylori treatment. Seven- and 10-day fluoroquinolone triple therapies have generally failed to achieve cure rates of ≥90%, whereas 14-day therapy has achieved 95% success. The aim was to assess the efficacy and effect of fluoroquinolone resistance on 14-day levofloxacin-containing triple therapy with or without the addition of bismuth. Helicobacter pylori-positive patients with functional Selleckchem CP-690550 dyspepsia or healed peptic ulcers were randomized to receive lansoprazole 30 mg b.i.d., amoxicillin 1000 mg b.i.d., and levofloxacin 500 mg daily with (B-LAL) or without (LAL) bismuth potassium citrate 220 mg b.i.d. for 14 days. Eradication was assessed by 13C-urea breath testing 4 weeks after completing treatment. Antimicrobial susceptibility was by the agar dilution method. Success was defined as PP success ≥90%. A total of 152 of 161 patients (81 LAL and 80 B-LAL) enrolled completed treatment. The PP rates were 94.6% (70/74; 95% CI, 86.9–97.9%)

with B-LAL and 85.9% (95% CI, 76.5–91.9%) with LAL (p = .07); the ITT eradication rates were 87.5% (95% CI, 78.5–93.1%) with B-LAL and 82.7% (95% CI, 73–89.4%) with LAL (p = .39). Levofloxacin resistance was present in 30.3%. Treatment success was excellent with susceptible strains (97.5%) versus resistant strains (70.6%) for B-LAL and 97.3% versus 37.5% for LAL, respectively. Fourteen-day

fluoroquinolone therapy was highly effective when fluoroquinolone resistance rates are <12%. The selleck inhibitor addition Progesterone of bismuth maintained effectiveness with fluoroquinolone resistance as high as 25%. “
“Background: Helicobacter pylori produces γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT), a potential virulence factor involved in induction of host cell apoptosis. Regulation of the production of this protein is not known. Methods:  The transcription start sites were determined by primer extension analysis. Transcription level of the GGT gene was examined by measuring the mRNA by RT-PCR and expression level of GGT protein was examined by Western blot analysis under different conditions. Results:  Two transcription start sites were identified; thymine at 78-bp upstream and adenine at 79-bp upstream from the ATG codon of the GGT gene. There was a possible -10 consensus promoter sequence (ATTAAT), but no apparent -35 consensus sequence was found. The transcription of the mRNA and the expression of the protein were at almost constant level during the course of culture. The mRNA level increased by exposure to low pH; however, the actual protein expression level remained almost constant. Addition of glutamine or glutamate did not affect the mRNA level and the protein expression level to a remarkable degree, nor did co-culture with AGS cells affect the GGT activity level. Conclusion:  It was suggested that H.

These changes were followed by death or distress, necessitating euthanasia within 48 hours. Fifty percent of KO mice died within the first 6 days of initiating the 5% ethanol diet, whereas none died in the WT/ethanol group (Fig. 1A). Food intake was similar in the two EtOH groups, except for just before death

in the KO group (Fig. 1B). To avoid confounding results from animals in selleck chemicals extremis, we sacrificed the remaining mice after day 6 on 5% ethanol, and the experiments described below were performed on these mice. PF KO and WT mice appeared healthy and gained weight (data not shown). EtOH KO mice were hypoglycemic with 2-fold lower blood-glucose levels than WT mice (Fig. 1C) and had 10% lower body weight (Fig. 1D). EtOH KO mice had cachexia and severely depleted intra-abdominal fat, compared with the WT/ethanol group, likely representing a baseline defect in energy homeostasis and ethanol-induced acute illness and decreased food intake Ferrostatin-1 in KO mice (Fig. 1E; Supporting Fig. 1 24). There was no difference

in body temperature between the groups. We conclude from these results that KO mice are highly susceptible to systemic toxicity and death after short exposure to ethanol ingestion. Both groups of KO mice had lower liver weight (Supporting Fig. 2). However, only PF KO mice had a lower liver:body weight ratio, compared with the corresponding WT group (Supporting Fig. 3). On microscopic examination of the liver, EtOH KO mice exhibited severe micro- and

macrovesicular steatosis in all three zones of the liver lobule. In contrast, WT mice developed only mild (predominantly zone 2) microvesicular steatosis (Fig. 2A, upper panel). Similarly, Oil red O staining for neutral lipids confirmed the presence of increased hepatic steatosis in the KO/ethanol group (Fig. 2A, bottom panel). KO mice had approximately 5-fold higher alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels than WT mice on the ethanol diet (Fig. 2B,C). Biochemical assays revealed higher liver triglyceride and cholesterol levels in the KO/ethanol group, compared with WT mice (Fig. 2D,E). Serum triglyceride and total cholesterol levels were similar in WT and KO mice (data not shown). Thus, these results show that KO mice develop severe ID-8 liver steatosis and moderate transaminase elevation on ethanol ingestion in a time period that causes only mild lipid accumulation and no change in liver injury tests in WT mice. Increased hepatic oxidative stress is an important mechanism of ethanol-mediated liver injury, and lipid peroxidation (LPO) is used as an indicator of oxidative stress in tissues. Therefore, we performed an assay for malondialdehyde (MDA) levels as an indicator of LPO in the liver. KO mice had higher hepatic MDA levels than WT mice on the ethanol diet (Fig. 3A).

Baseline images were taken before 1 μM TG was added. Images were digitally acquired Pexidartinib in vitro every 0.5 to 2 minutes for 20 to 30 minutes with a Nikon TE-200 or Olympus IX-81 epifluorescent microscope. Data were collected from 6 to 14 cells per field and at

least three different fields in different culture wells. All experiments were replicated at least three times. The fluorescence intensity in multiple randomly selected ER locations (for D1ER) or cytosol locations (for YC2.3) at 535 and 485 nm was then determined with Nikon’s Element or MetaMorph 6.3 software. The 535/485 nm or YFP (FRET)/CFP ratio was calculated as the change in the calcium concentration at these locations. In the case of D1ER analysis, we also converted this ratio to the actual calcium Small molecule library manufacturer concentration as previously described.17 Subcellular fractionation of the liver was conducted as described previously.20 Briefly, the postnuclear supernatants of the liver homogenates were centrifuged at 10,000g for 15 minutes. The mitochondria-enriched pellet (P10) was separated from the supernatant (S10), which was further centrifuged at 100,000g for 60 minutes to yield the ER-enriched pellet (P100) and the S100 supernatant. Hepatocytes that were cultured in a 10% serum–containing medium for 24 hours were harvested and incubated in a hypotonic buffer [10 mM 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazine

ethanesulfonic acid (HEPES), pH 7.9, 1.5 mM magnesium dichloride, 10 mM Nitroxoline potassium chloride, and 10 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride] on ice for 10 minutes before being disrupted with a douncer. The P100 and S100 fractions were obtained as described previously. These fractions were analyzed by an immunoblot assay with the enhanced chemiluminescence method. Images were acquired

with a Kodak MM4000 image station. Multiple-group comparisons were conducted with one-way analysis of variance, whereas paired comparisons were conducted with the Student t test, with P values less than 0.05 being significant. To investigate the mechanism by which Bid regulated hepatocyte proliferation, we stimulated the resting wild-type (WT) and bid-deficient hepatocytes with 10% serum for 24 to 96 hours. The serum contained HGF (released from platelets) as well as low levels of circulating EGF.21 These are the two direct mitogens for hepatocytes. In this system, BrdU incorporation began at 24 hours, peaked at 48 hours, and lasted for 96 hours (Fig. 1A,B) in the WT hepatocytes as previously reported.19 We found that BrdU incorporation in the Bid-deficient hepatocytes did not reach the peak until 72 hours after serum stimulation, and the peak was also at a lower level (Fig. 1A,B). Consistently, we found delayed expression of cyclin D1 and reduced expression of cyclin E in Bid-deficient hepatocytes (Fig. 1C).

Disclosures: Fabio Marra – Advisory Committees or Review Panels: Abbott; Consulting: Bayer Healthcare; Grant/Research Support: ViiV Massimo Pinzani – Advisory Committees or Review Panels: Intercept Pharmaceutical, Silence Therapeutic, Abbot; Consulting: UCB; Speaking and Teaching: Gilead, BMS The following

people have nothing to disclose: Jose Macias-Barragan, Jose Vera-Cruz, Jesus Garcia-Banuelos, David A. Lopez-de la Mora, Cibeles San-chez-Roque, Krista Rombouts, Juan Armendáriz-Borunda Background: Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a heritable and prevalent disease, affecting about 30% of the population. A characteristic feature of NAFLD is hepatic steatosis, the presence of excess fat (mostly triglycerides (TG)) in the liver. Using genome wide association analysis (GWAS) we identified genetic variants in PNPLA3 and Wnt pathway GCKR, and near LYPLAL1 that associate with population based hepatic steatosis. How these variants result in increased liver steatosis is not known. Here we aim to characterize the genetic mechanism by which genetic variants at

these loci may affect nearby genes to result in hepatic triglyceride accumulation. Methods: HuH-7 and HepG2 liver cell lines were infected with lentiviruses expressing wildtype PNPLA3, learn more GCKR, and LYPLAL1 as well as the mutants PPP1R3B(I148M) and GCKR(P446L) or with shRNAs to PNPLA3, GCKR, and LYPLAL1 and stably expressing cell lines were selected. Overexpression/knockdown was quantified using Western/Northern blotting analysis. Stable cell lines were loaded with oleic acid, hepatic steatosis was measured using LipidTOXTM however (Life Technology), and total cellular triglyceride was quantified using a Triglyceride Determination Kit (Sigma-Aldrich). Results: Overexpression of wildtype and to a larger

extent mutant PNPLA3 but not knockdown of PNPLA3 resulted in increased steatosis/TG accumulation. Over-expression of wildtype GCKR but not mutant GCKR resulted in increased steatosis/TG accumulation whereas knockdown of GCKR also resulted in increased steatosis/TG accumulation. Overexpression of LYPLAL1 resulted in decreased steatosis/TG accumulation and knockdown in increased steatosis/TG accumulation. Conclusions: These results suggest that variants in PNPLA3 exert their effect through an increase/gain-of-function mechanisms, those in GCKR and near LYPLAL1 likely through a loss-of-function mechanism. Disclosures: The following people have nothing to disclose: Yue Chen, Andrew W. Tai, Elizabeth K. Speliotes Background and aims: We developed an optimized diet-induced mouse model that produces robust inflammation and fibrosis. Using this model we investigated the changes of proin-flammatory transcripts expressed in liver and fat tissues.

Most Australian Paediatric centres still employ standard IFX infusions with little published data regarding rapid infusion protocols in paediatric practice. Aim: From a Tertiary Paediatric

IBD centre, we describe the practice and safety of rapid, 1 hour IFX infusion since implementing a rapid infusion policy in October 2011. Methods: Retrospective chart review of children diagnosed with Crohn’s Disease and fulfilling Australian criteria for Infliximab therapy attending the Royal Akt inhibitor Children’s Hospital, Brisbane from October 2011 to May 2013. The Rapid Infusion policy is to give the 3 Induction and 1st maintenance infusion in the standard fashion, increasing the rate to completion over 2.5 hours. All subsequent infusions, commencing with 5th infusion are given over 1 hour. Pre-medication (loratidine, hydrocortisone, paracetamol) is not routinely given, only after a documented infusion reaction. Results: 50 children have been treated using the rapid infusion policy and received 373 IFX infusions. No serious or anaphylactic reaction requiring adrenalin has been observed. 3 (6%) of children experienced a transfusion reaction (1 fever to 38oC; 1 mild temporary rash; 1 nausea) in 3/373 infusions (0.8%) but only during the first 3, induction, 2 hour infusions. No child experienced a transfusion reaction during subsequent rapid 1 hour infusions. check details Each child who experienced

a reaction has subsequently tolerated 1 hour rapid infusions, with premedication, without recurrence of transfusion reaction. There were no predictive factors for reaction. 50/50 children and their parents report satisfaction with the shorter duration infusion Aprepitant and shorter hospital stay. The Infusion centre has been able to increase

the number of children receiving Infliximab infusion at each session, improving timely access to scheduled therapy. Conclusions: This audit of practice confirms that the Rapid Infusion IFX protocol commencing at Infusion 5 and without routine pre-medication is safe, practical and well accepted by children and care-givers, improving patient acceptance and access to efficacious medication. Even faster infusions are described and safe in Adult practice and may provide further improvement in paediatric care and service delivery. (1) Donnellan FC et al. “Accelerated infliximab infusions are safe and well tolerated in patients with inflammatory bowel disease”. European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 2009:21(1):71–75 J KERR,1 A NAIR,2 R HINDS1,2 1Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Monash Children’s Hospital, Clayton, Victoria, Australia, 2Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia Introduction: Infliximab (IFX) is commonly used in the management of children with Crohn’s disease (CD). IFX is used in Australia when there has been inadequate response to other treatments or in the presence of fistulising disease.

Ig-stimulated T-cells. Administration of soluble VSIG4.Ig to wildtype mice prevented CIH development and prolonged this website the survival of mice with established CIH. Conclusion: Collectively, our results suggest that VSIG4+ KCs play a critical role in the induction and maintenance

of liver T- and NKT-cell tolerance, and that modulation of the VSIG4 pathway using a VSIG4.Ig fusion protein may provide useful immunological therapies against immune-mediated liver injury including autoimmune hepatitis. (HEPATOLOGY 2012;56:1838–1848) Despite the risk of immune activation by continuous exposure to potential antigens, the liver avoids overactivation of the innate and adaptive immune responses by inducing tolerance.1, 2 Many studies have investigated the molecular and cellular selleck compound basis of liver tolerance. Initial studies focused on identifying tolerance-inducing soluble factors from liver nonparenchymal cells, including hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and liver-resident antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as liver sinusoid endothelial cells (LSECs), hepatic dendritic cells (DCs),

and Kupffer cells (KCs).3 Among them, KCs are believed to induce liver tolerance by producing an immunosuppressive cytokine, interleukin (IL)-10, and immunosuppressive metabolites including nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and 15-deoxy-delta 12,14-PGJ2 (15d-PGJ2).3–6 Alternative mechanisms for liver tolerance have also been suggested. KCs prime CD4+ T-cells to be converted to regulatory T cells (Tregs) with a CD25low FoxP3neg phenotype NADPH-cytochrome-c2 reductase that can inhibit the proliferation of naïve CD4+ T-cells.7, 8 The functional significance of B7-H1 (PD-L1 or CD274), a coinhibitory ligand, in liver tolerance was demonstrated by showing that B7-H1-expressing KCs directly suppress T-cell proliferation and cytokine production by way of the B7-H1:PD-1 pathway.9 These results suggest that coinhibitory ligands in the liver microenvironment are important for regulating local immune responses. Despite the increasing

number of coinhibitory ligands that play negative roles in T-cell responses, few studies have focused on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of liver tolerance mediated by these coinhibitory ligands. Recently, V-set and Ig domain-containing 4 (VSIG4, also referred to as CRIg or Z39Ig) was identified as a B7-related immunoglobulin superfamily member that is exclusively expressed on tissue-resident macrophages and particularly on liver KCs.10 VSIG4 is a complement receptor for C3b and iC3b, and its binding to the convertase subunit C3b interferes with C5 binding to C3b, thus blocking the alternative complement pathway and subsequent suppression of inflammatory responses.10 VSIG4 also acts as a coinhibitory ligand that negatively modulates adaptive immunity.

Conclusion: Our data suggest that YAP promotes cholangiocyte and hepatocyte proliferation and prevents parenchymal damage after cholestatic injury in mice and thus may mediate the response to cholestasis-induced human liver disease. (HEPATOLOGY 2012;56:1097–1107) “
“Recently, a relationship between platelets and cancer metastasis has been reported. The aim of this study is to elucidate the

risk factors for extrahepatic metastasis (EHM), with emphasis on association with platelets in patients, with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We examined risk factors for EHM in 1613 consecutive, newly diagnosed HCC patients by logistic regression analysis (case–control study). We also examined the factors by Cox proportional hazard model in a retrospective cohort fashion in 803 patients who received non-curative treatment for HCC. In the case–control study, multivariate analysis Dabrafenib revealed that high platelet counts see more (odds ratio [OR] = 4.84; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.29–29.54; P = 0.01), high tumor number and the presence of macroscopic vascular invasion were significantly associated with EHM. In the cohort study, EHM was diagnosed in 71 patients during the study period (mean observation time = 23.3 months). On multivariate analysis, high tumor number, high des-γ-carboxyprothrombin

(DCP) and Child–Pugh class A were significantly correlated with EHM, and the patients with high platelet counts tended to develop EHM (OR = 1.73; 95% CI = 0.99–3.14; P = 0.055). HCC patients with high platelet counts, as well as large numbers of tumors, high serum DCP and Child–Pugh class A, are at risk for EHM. THE PROGNOSIS OF hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) oxyclozanide patients has been improved due to the prevalence of surveillance systems and advances in diagnostic and treatment modalities.[1-4] There are several options for the treatment of HCC at early-to-intermediate stages, such as surgery, radiofrequency ablation (RFA), transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC). However, in cases with extrahepatic metastasis (EHM), the only available evidence-based treatment is molecular-targeted

therapy (sorafenib) and the prognosis of these patients is still poor.[5, 6] Based on the report of the Liver Cancer Group of Japan, the 5-year survival of HCC patients with EHM (tumor–node–metastasis stage IVB) is 16.5%, which is much shorter than the average survival of HCC patients (54.2%).[7] Therefore, information about risk factors for EHM is important in order to decide the best strategies for treating HCC. Extrahepatic metastasis, which is known to be closely related to dedifferentiation, is rarely observed when the primary lesion in the liver is well-differentiated HCC. Kanda et al. reported on risk factors for EHM, which included vascular invasion of HCC and elevated tumor markers, and most of the factors were related to tumor characteristics.

6 The onset and severity of denture stomatitis is of multifactorial origin, being influenced by factors such as salivary flow, denture cleanliness, age of prosthesis, denture base material, denture trauma, continuous denture wearing, smoking, and nutritional intake.7–10 Nevertheless, fungal biofilms play the most important role clinically.11,12 Denture-induced stomatitis is primarily caused by the opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida albicans; however, an increasing proportion of other Candidal species are

being implicated in pathogenesis, including C. glabrata.13 Although not life threatening per se, the collective presence of Candida species within the saliva, adhesion to the oral mucosa, and the colonization and development of biofilms on the denture surface are associated click here with mild-to-severe pathophysiological effects, according to Newton’s criteria.14–17 Once formed, cells within the biofilm undergo profound phenotypic changes. Most notably, they exhibit increased resistance

to antifungal agents.18,19 It has also been demonstrated that formation of biofilms in the cracks and imperfections of denture bases makes the biofilm resilient to physical forces, most notably removal by brushing.13,17,20 These studies highlight the inherent difficulties experienced by denture wearers in minimizing the fungal this website burden of their dentures, thereby preventing the onset of denture-induced stomatitis. Recent studies have established that sonication significantly

reduces the fungal burden upon removable dentures, and that microwave technology may Niclosamide offer a potential method of denture disinfection;21,22 however, these technologies have limited applicability due to either excessive costs or the capacity to damage the denture base material.23 Denture wearers therefore have to rely on the use of over-the-counter oral hygiene products, which has increased based on the large consumer base in this specialized healthcare market.6 This study aims to examine the efficacy of four over-the-counter denture cleansers to establish their respective capacities to remove and/or kill C. albicans biofilms. C. albicans-type strain ATCC 90028 and 16 clinical strains of C. albicans isolated from a recent denture stomatitis study were used in these investigations.13 All the isolates were stored on Sabouraud dextrose (SAB) agar plates (Oxoid, Cambridge, UK) at 4°C. C. albicans were propagated on SAB agar plates at 37°C overnight. A colony of each isolate was inoculated into 10 ml of yeast peptone dextrose (YPD, Oxoid) and placed in a shaker at 30°C overnight. The cells were washed by centrifugation in sterile phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; pH 7.4, Oxoid). The yeast cells were then counted using a Neubauer hemocytometer and adjusted to the required concentration in RPMI 1640 medium (Sigma, Dorset, UK).

78; 95%CI 0.96 to 2.53, p 0.38). However the overall effect leans toward the study treatment (prucalopride). The test for heterogeneity was not significant. The numbers of adverse events were more common with prucalopride than with placebo (RR 1.22; 95% CI 1.14 to 1.32, p < 0.00001). Conclusion: Prucalopride has no significant effect compared to placebo for the treatment of chronic idiopathic constipation. The drug appeared safe, but adverse events were significantly common, particularly headache, nausea and diarrhea, and patients should be warned of these potential side effects of treatment. Key Word(s): 1. Prucalopride;

2. Chronic constipation; 3. Efficacy; 4. Side effects; Presenting Author: HUI SU Additional Authors: JUNGUO JIANG, LIANGKUI LIU, MINGMING MENG, HONG LIU, JING

Metabolism inhibitor WU Corresponding Author: JING WU Affiliations: Objective: take high resolution gastrointestinal examination and 24 hour esophageal PH -Z monitoring, for systemic sclerosis patients with symptoms of gastrointestinal involvement, to improve the understanding of the gastrointestinal involvement manifestations in systemic sclerosis patient. Methods: for 1 case of gastrointestinal involvement of systemic sclerosis patient, INK 128 ic50 take high resolution esophageal pressure monitoring, 24 hours esophageal PH -Z monitoring, high resolution anorectal pressure monitoring (3D), to analyze the result, explain the clinical symptoms. Results: esophageal pressure monitoring showed esophageal body no creep, LES pressure relief; 24 hours

PH-Z monitoring showed severe gastroesophageal reflux, visible obvious weak acid reflux, correlation analysis considering the symptoms associated with acid reflux; Anorectal pressure monitoring showed the anal sphincter pressure band short, anal sphincter resting pressure and maximum systolic pressure is normal, the anorectal inhibitory reflex, simulated defecate are normal, defecate initial feeling and maximum tolerance amount are significantly 4-Aminobutyrate aminotransferase reduced. Conclusion: high resolution gastrointestinal monitoring can make us intuitive see the manifestations of esophageal sphincter and esophageal peristalsis, rectum anus defecate function affected in systemic sclerosis patients with gastrointestinal involvement. Key Word(s): 1. systemic sclerosis; 2. Gastrointestinal; 3. dynamics; 4. High resolution; Presenting Author: HOYEEW HIRAI Additional Authors: SIEWC NG, JESSICAYL CHING, JAMESYW LAU, RAYMOND TANG, ARICJ HUI, PHYLIS LAM, ALMAN CHUI, ALICE FAN, JUSTIN WU, FRANCISKL CHAN, JOSEPHJY SUNG Corresponding Author: HOYEEW HIRAI Affiliations: The Chinese University of Hong Kong Objective: Few studies have evaluated risk factors and the magnitude of risk for advanced colorectal neoplasms and serrated lesions in Chinese subjects.