The relative contributions of the two effects depend on particle size with a critical size of about 18 nm resulting in bulklike behavior. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3556953]“
“Lacosamide (LCM) is a novel antiepileptic drug that exerts a strong antiepileptic effect via slow inactivation of voltage-gated sodium channels. LCM has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for treatment of partial seizures at doses up to 400 mg/day. Clinical trials have employed doses up to 600 mg/day. LCM has been associated with atrial fibrillation at high doses (600 mg/day) in patients with diabetes who had risk factors

for heart disease. To our knowledge, atrial flutter or atrial fibrillation has not been reported in people with epilepsy. We report atrial flutter/atrial Fedratinib order fibrillation at high doses of LCM (600 mg/day) in a patient with epilepsy who had no significant risk factors for heart disease, which resolved following discontinuation of LCM. The literature regarding LCM-related cardiac death and arrhythmia is discussed. Physicians should be aware of the potential cardiac effects of this novel antiepileptic drug. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“The

concept of the effective medium is used to deal with problems of defects in photonic crystals (PhCs) throughout this paper. First, scattering phenomena in PhCs with defects are investigated and can be very well replaced by those in an effective medium with effective defects in interesting frequency region. BEZ235 molecular weight It is based on the fact that the Bloch wave in the defect-free PhC very approximates to the wave in the effective medium. Then a periodic-defect PhC created by adding periodic defects into the defect-free PhC is proposed. It can be replaced with an effective PhC by utilizing the concept of effective periodic defects embedded into an effective medium. We verify the equivalence P505-15 inhibitor between the periodic-defect PhC and the effective PhC by comparing their photonic band structure (PBS) and photonic band gaps (PBGs) as well as transmissions. Next, the effective PhCs instead of the periodic-defect PhCs are used to investigate

the variance of the PBGs by applying different periodic defects. The substitution allows us successfully predicting the negative refraction in the periodic-defect PhC through the PBS of the effective PhC. Finally, the field distributions and Fourier coefficients of waveguide modes in the effective PhC and the periodic-defect PhC are equivalent by the supercell method confirmations. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3567296]“
“Background: T-wave alternans (TWA) is a useful method for identifying patients who are at risk for sudden cardiac death. We aimed to determine the effects of different pacing modes on test results and long-term prognostic relevance of TWA in patients following a dual-chamber (DDD) pacemaker implantation.