In the HBOC-201 group cerebral oxygen metabolism was maintained.
Conclusions: The addition of HBOC-201 for cardiopulmonary bypass appears to improve oxygen CDK inhibitor use and minimize anaerobic metabolism. Cerebral oxygen use was preserved in the HBOC-201 group, even during decrease in blood flow. These findings support the reported improved oxygen-unloading properties of HBOC-201 and might provide a benefit
during cardiopulmonary bypass. (J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2011; 142: 411-7)”
“With the recent explosion of interest in the field of nanobiotechnology, viruses are now finding new applications in materials science and medicine. Here, we discuss the engineering of ‘smart’ nanoparticles that are based upon recombinant adenovirus (Ad) vectors and that combine multiple functions of targeting, imaging and drug delivery. We focus on the use of Ads as a carrier and delivery system for macromolecules other than DNA and develop the rationale behind using Ads for such applications. Due to the modular nature of the Ad capsid, multiple therapeutic or diagnostic modalities, such as the addition of magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents, radiation sensitizers and antigenic peptides for vaccines, can be incorporated by modifying different sites on the viral capsid. These types of particles have a tremendous potential to increase the sensitivity and specificity of therapies.”
“In
times of stress the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is activated and releases two neurohormones, corticotropin-releasing hormone (Crh) and arginine vasopressin (Avp), to synergistically XAV-939 price stimulate the secretion of adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) from the anterior pituitary, culminating in a rise in circulating glucocorticoids. Avp mediates its actions at the Avp
V1b receptor (Avpr1b) present on pituitary corticotropes. Dysregulation of the stress response selleck chemical is associated with the pathophysiology of depression and a major treatment involves increasing the availability of monamines at the synaptic cleft. Acute administration of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) and tricyclic antidepressants (TCA) has previously been shown to activate the HPA axis. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the involvement of the Avpr1b in the HPA axis response to acute SC administration of an SSRI (fluoxetine 10mg/kg) and a TCA (desipramine 10mg/kg). We measured plasma ACTH and corticosterone (CORT) levels and neuropeptide mRNA expression in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of Avpr1b knockout (KO) mice and wildtype controls. Fluoxetine and desipramine administration significantly attenuated plasma ACTH and CORT levels in mate and female Avpr1b KO mice when compared to their wild-type counterparts. Avp, oxytocin (Oxt) and Crh mRNA expression in the PVN did not change in fluoxetine-treated mate Avpr1b KO or wild-type mice.