This trial was registered with the Dutch Trial Register as ISRCTN51742545. Am J Clin Nutr 2009;89:1019-24″
“Study Design. A human cadaveric biomechanical study comparing craniocervical fixation techniques.

Objective. To Entinostat research buy quantitatively compare the biomechanical stability of a new technique for occipitocervical fixation using the occipital condyles with an established method for craniocervical spine fusion.

Summary of Background Data. Stabilization of the occipitocervical junction remains a challenge. The occiput does not

easily accommodate instrumentation because of access and spatial constraints. In fact, the area available for the implant fixation is limited and can be restricted further when a suboccipital craniectomy has been performed, posing a challenge to current fixation techniques. Occipital screws are also associated with the potential for intracranial complications.

Methods. Six fresh frozen cadaveric specimens

occiput-C4 were tested intact, after destabilization and after fixation as follows: ARS-1620 supplier (1) occipital plate with C1 lateral mass screws and C2 pars screws and (2) occipital condyle screws with C1 lateral mass screws and C2 pars screws. Specimens were loaded in a custom spine testing apparatus and subjected to the following tests, all performed under 50-N unconstrained buy BTSA1 axial preload: flexion, extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation at 1.5 Nm. The constructs were statistically compared with a one-way analysis of variance and compared with the intact condition.

Results. Motions were reduced by similar to 80% compared with the intact condition for both configurations under all motions. There were no statistically significant differences in the range of motion (ROM) between the 2 instrumentation conditions. The mean values indicated decreased ROM with the novel occipital condyle screw construct in comparison with the standard occipital plate and rod system.

Conclusion. Craniocervical

stabilization using occipital condyle screws as the sole cephalad fixation point is biomechanically equivalent with regard to the modes tested (ROM and stiffness) to the standard occipital plate construct.”
“Graft copolymers of different grafting levels were synthesised by the free radical initiated reaction of cassava starch with acrylamide in presence of ceric ammonium nitrate. The viscosity Properties Of the native granular starch and the grafted starches were determined using a Rapid visco analyzer (RVA) and rheological properties by frequency sweep test under different conditions using a rheometer. Some of the grafted starches exhibited significantly higher and some others exhibited drastically reduced peak viscosity values irrespective of the percentage grafting.